A bit of background on immigration
The United States was created as a nation of immigrants who left Europe for political, religious and economic reasons. After independence, the new nation maintained an open-door immigration policy for 100 years. Two great waves of immigrants — in the mid-1800s and the late-19th and early-20th centuries — drove the nation's westward expansion and built its cities and industrial base.
After several false starts, Congress passed the immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) in October 1986 — the most sweeping revision of U.S. immigration policy in more than two decades. Using a carrot-and-stick approach, IRCA granted a general amnesty to all undocumented aliens who were in the United States before 1982 and imposed monetary sanctions — or even prison — against employers who knowingly hired undocumented workers for the first time.
In the 1990s nearly 10 million newcomers — the largest influx ever — arrived on U.S. shores, with most still coming from Latin America and Asia.
Change in 1996
The final legislation, which cleared Congress on Sept. 30, 1996, nearly doubled the size of the Border Patrol and provided 600 new INS investigators. It appropriated $12 million for new border-control devices, including motion sensors, set tougher standards for applying for political asylum and made it easier to expel foreigners with fake documents or none at all. The law also severely limited — and in many cases completely eliminated — non-citizens' ability to challenge INS decisions in court.
But the new law did not force authorities to crack down on businesses that employed illegal immigrants, even though there was wide agreement that such a crackdown was vital. As the Commission on immigration Reform had said in 1994, the centerpiece of any effort to stop illegal entrants should be to "turn off the jobs magnet that attracts them."
By 1999, however, amid an economic boom and low unemployment, the INS had stopped raiding work sites to round up illegal immigrant workers and was focusing on foreign criminals, immigrant-smugglers and document fraud. As for cracking down on employers, an agency district director told The Washington Post, "We're out of that business." The idea that employers could be persuaded not to hire illegal workers "is a fairy tale."
Senator Obama’s Position
US Senator Barack Obama (Illinois) supports a system where undocumented immigrants have an opportunity to become US citizens. He encourages illegal immigrants to get right with the law. Eligible immigrants will have to be in good standing and will be required to pay a fine. They will also have to learn English, if they have not yet learned it, and of course they will be required to not break any laws. These undocumented immigrants will have to go to the back of the line to gain their citizenship. Barack Obama together with Rep. Luis Gutierrez (D-IL) introduced the Citizenship Promotion Act to ensure that immigration application fees are reasonable and fair. Obama wants to keep immigrant families together. He has fought to pass a comprehensive bill and he will continue to do so until our immigration system is fixed. He feels that sending all illegal immigrants back to where they came from is completely ridiculous.
This is a video where he explains his plan to fix the immigration system.
Works Cited
Greenblatt, A. (2008, February 1). Immigration debate. CQ Researcher, 18, 97-120. October 30, 2008, from CQ Researcher Online, .
Obama, Barack. “Barack Obama and Joe Biden on Immigration.”
barackobama. 29 Oct. 2008 .
Written by Corina Acosta
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